CAUSES AND INCIDENCE RATE OF POSTPARTUM HEMORRHAGE AT KASSALA NEW HOSPITAL, SUDAN
Abstract
Postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) is one of the top five causes of maternal mortality in both high income and low income countries, although the absolute risk of death is much lower in the former than the latter (1 in 100,000 versus 1 in 1000 births)(1).
The incidence of PPH varies widely, depending upon the criteria used to define the disorder. A reasonable estimate is 1 to 5 percent of deliveries (1,2).
The WHO estimate that obstetric hemorrhage complicates 10.55 of all live births in the world (13 795 000 women experiencing this problem in 2000) and 28% of all direct maternal deaths due to hemorrhage (132000 maternal deaths) (3).
References
1. Mousa, HA, Alfirevic, Z. Treatment for primary postpartum haemorrhage (Cochrane Review). Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2003; :CD003249
2. Lu, MC, Fridman, M, Korst, LM, et al. Variations in the incidence of postpartum hemorrhage across hospitals in California. Matern Child Health J 2005; 9:297
3. Anonymous. Introduction. In Lewis G, ed. Why Mothers Die 2000 – 2002. London: RCOG, 2004: 1 – 24.
4. Andolina, K, Daly, S, Roberts, N, et al. Objective measurement of blood loss at delivery: is it more than a guess? Am J Obstet Gynecol 1999; 180:S69
5. Ueland, K. Maternal cardiovascular dynamics. VII. Intrapartum blood volume changes. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1976; 126:671.
6. Coombs CA, Murphy EZ, Laros RK. Factors associated with postpartum hemorrhage with vaginal birth. Obstet Gynaecol 1991;77: 69-76.
7. Lombaard H, Pattinson RC. Common errors and remedies in managing postpartum hemorrhage. Best Pract Clin Obstet. Gynaecol.2009 Jun;23 (3): 317-26. Epub 2009 Feb 20.
8. Oladapo OT, Akinola OI, Fawole AO, Adeyemi AS, Adegbola O, Loto OM, Fabamwa AO, Alao MO, Sotunsa JO; Nigerian AMTSL group.Active management of the third stage of labor: evidence versus practice.Acta Obstet Gynecol scand. 2009; 88(11):1252-60.
9. Anderson J, Etches D, Smith D Postpartum hemorrhage. In Damos JR, Eisinger SH, eds. Advanced Life Support in Obstetrics (ALSO) Provider course manual. Kansas: American Academy of Family Physicians; 2000:1-15.
10. Mfinanga GS, Kimaro GD, Ngadaya E, Massawe S, Mtandu R, Shayo H, Kahwa A, knight R, Armbruster D, Sintasath D, Kitu A, Stanton C. Health Facility Based Active Management of Thirdstage of Labor: Findings from a national survey in Tanzania.Health Res. Policy Syst. 2009 Apr 16; 7:6.
11. Ijaiya MA, Aboyeji AP, Abubakar D. Analysis of 348 consecutive cases of primary postpartum hemorrhage at a tertiary hospital in Nigeria. J Obstet Gynaecol: 2003 Jul; 23(4): 374-7.
12. Wandabwa J, Doyle P, Todd J, Ononge S, Kiondo P. risk factors for severe postpartum hemorrhage in Mulago hospital, Kampala, Uganda. East Afr Med J. 2008 feb;85(2):64-71.
13. Anderson J, Etches D, Smith D Postpartum hemorrhage. In Damos JR, Eisinger SH, eds. Advanced Life Support in Obstetrics (ALSO) Provider course manual. Kansas: American Academy of Family Physicians; 2000:1-15.
2. Lu, MC, Fridman, M, Korst, LM, et al. Variations in the incidence of postpartum hemorrhage across hospitals in California. Matern Child Health J 2005; 9:297
3. Anonymous. Introduction. In Lewis G, ed. Why Mothers Die 2000 – 2002. London: RCOG, 2004: 1 – 24.
4. Andolina, K, Daly, S, Roberts, N, et al. Objective measurement of blood loss at delivery: is it more than a guess? Am J Obstet Gynecol 1999; 180:S69
5. Ueland, K. Maternal cardiovascular dynamics. VII. Intrapartum blood volume changes. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1976; 126:671.
6. Coombs CA, Murphy EZ, Laros RK. Factors associated with postpartum hemorrhage with vaginal birth. Obstet Gynaecol 1991;77: 69-76.
7. Lombaard H, Pattinson RC. Common errors and remedies in managing postpartum hemorrhage. Best Pract Clin Obstet. Gynaecol.2009 Jun;23 (3): 317-26. Epub 2009 Feb 20.
8. Oladapo OT, Akinola OI, Fawole AO, Adeyemi AS, Adegbola O, Loto OM, Fabamwa AO, Alao MO, Sotunsa JO; Nigerian AMTSL group.Active management of the third stage of labor: evidence versus practice.Acta Obstet Gynecol scand. 2009; 88(11):1252-60.
9. Anderson J, Etches D, Smith D Postpartum hemorrhage. In Damos JR, Eisinger SH, eds. Advanced Life Support in Obstetrics (ALSO) Provider course manual. Kansas: American Academy of Family Physicians; 2000:1-15.
10. Mfinanga GS, Kimaro GD, Ngadaya E, Massawe S, Mtandu R, Shayo H, Kahwa A, knight R, Armbruster D, Sintasath D, Kitu A, Stanton C. Health Facility Based Active Management of Thirdstage of Labor: Findings from a national survey in Tanzania.Health Res. Policy Syst. 2009 Apr 16; 7:6.
11. Ijaiya MA, Aboyeji AP, Abubakar D. Analysis of 348 consecutive cases of primary postpartum hemorrhage at a tertiary hospital in Nigeria. J Obstet Gynaecol: 2003 Jul; 23(4): 374-7.
12. Wandabwa J, Doyle P, Todd J, Ononge S, Kiondo P. risk factors for severe postpartum hemorrhage in Mulago hospital, Kampala, Uganda. East Afr Med J. 2008 feb;85(2):64-71.
13. Anderson J, Etches D, Smith D Postpartum hemorrhage. In Damos JR, Eisinger SH, eds. Advanced Life Support in Obstetrics (ALSO) Provider course manual. Kansas: American Academy of Family Physicians; 2000:1-15.
Published
2010-06-01
How to Cite
ALI, Abdel Aziem A.; A. M MD, AbdAlla; MISKEEN, Elhadi.
CAUSES AND INCIDENCE RATE OF POSTPARTUM HEMORRHAGE AT KASSALA NEW HOSPITAL, SUDAN.
Gezira Journal of Health Sciences, [S.l.], v. 6, n. 2, june 2010.
ISSN 1810-5386. Available at: <http://37.60.236.48/index.php/gjhs/article/view/310>. Date accessed: 03 june 2026.
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